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Plasma is the liquid portion of the blood--a protein-salt solution in which red and white blood cells and platelets are suspended. Plasma, which is 90 percent water, constitutes 55 percent of blood volume. Plasma contains albumin (the chief protein constituent,) fibrinogen (responsible, in part, for the clotting of blood) and globulins (including antibodies.) Plasma serves a variety of functions, from maintaining a satisfactory blood pressure and volume, to supplying critical proteins for blood clotting and immunity. It also serves as the medium of exchange for vital minerals such as sodium and potassium, helping maintain a proper balance in the body, which is critical to cell function. Plasma is obtained by separating the liquid portion of blood from the cells. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is frozen shortly after donation to preserve clotting factors, stored up to one year and thawed just before use. It is transfused for bleeding disorders which have no factor-specific concentrate treatment.
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